Dokumentenidentifikation |
EP0195183 30.01.1992 |
EP-Veröffentlichungsnummer |
0195183 |
Titel |
Lineal zum Messen von Winkeln zwischen einer orientierten Achse und einem Vektor. |
Anmelder |
Pasquin Bernabeu, Eugenio, San Just Desvern, Barcelona, ES |
Erfinder |
Pasquin Bernabeu, Eugenio, San Just Desvern, Barcelona, ES |
Vertreter |
Harmsen, H., Dr.; Utescher, W., Dr.; Harmsen, P., Dipl.-Chem.; Bartholatus, H.; Schaeffer, M., Dr.; Fricke, F., Dr.; Wolter, M., Rechtsanwälte, 2000 Hamburg |
DE-Aktenzeichen |
3682922 |
Vertragsstaaten |
BE, DE, FR, GB, IT, NL, SE |
Sprache des Dokument |
En |
EP-Anmeldetag |
15.01.1986 |
EP-Aktenzeichen |
861004588 |
EP-Offenlegungsdatum |
24.09.1986 |
EP date of grant |
18.12.1991 |
Veröffentlichungstag im Patentblatt |
30.01.1992 |
IPC-Hauptklasse |
B43L 7/00
|
IPC-Nebenklasse |
G01B 3/00
|
Beschreibung[en] |
The invention relates to a ruler according to the preamble of the
claim 1. Such ruler is known from US-A-4 490 921. Although it is possible to measure
angles with the known ruler, reading the numbers indicating the angle value might
sometimes be difficult due to the fact that during measurement it is often necessary
to turn the ruler out of the normal reading orientation in which the numbers are
basically vertical with respect to the horizontal line running from left to right
from the observer's point of view.
It is an object of the invention to improve the known ruler in such
a way that the orientation of the ruler with respect to the observer remains in
a range during measurements which keeps reading of the numbers indicating angle
values easy.
This object is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
The subclaims contain features which even more improve readability
of the ruler.
The invention will be further described hereinafter with reference
to embodiments shown in the drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1
- shows a schematic view of one embodiment of the ruler for measuring angles;
- Fig. 2
- in a similar view a further embodiment; and
- Fig. 3
- shows an embodiment with several further details.
The device is a ruler for measuring angles between an oriented axis
and a vector consisting of an essentially flat plate, made almost entirely from
transparent material. Its form or perimeter is principally delimited by two straight
parallel segments to be called: EDGES.
Positioning the device such that the surface lies horizontal and
so that the edges run left to right from the observer's point of view, we will
call the edge nearer the observer the LOWER EDGE (abbreviation, L.E.) and the
further one the UPPER EDGE (U.E.). The edges marked L.E. and U.E. are to be parallel
in all cases.
A symbol, to be called the ARROW (A) will be located at some point
on the surface, to indicate the orientation of the edges and the direction towards
the observer's right, mentioned in the previous paragraph. In Figures 1 and 3
the representation of an arrow has been situated in the centre of the item; in
Figure 2, the perimeter of the item forms the direction symbol.
The LONGITUDINAL LINE (L.L.) is hereinafter defined as the line which,
from the observer's point of view as indicated above, consists in the central
section of a closed curve and in the outer sections of straight lines on at the
right and left, approximately parallel with the edges and equidistant from them.
This longitudinal line is represented in Figures 1 and 3 with reference L.L.
The part of the surface defined by the longitudinal line (L.L.) and
the upper edge (U.E.) will be called the UPPER ZONE or AREA (U.Z.); the part defined
by the Longitudinal Line (L.L.) and the Lower Edge (L.E.) will be called the LOWER
ZONE (L.Z.). The zone or area defined by the closed curve of the longitudinal line
(L.L.) will be called the COMMON ZONE or AREA (C.Z.), belonging as it does equally
to the upper and lower zones. These upper and lower zones (U.Z. and L.Z.) and the
common zone (C.Z.) are represented in Figure 1, the latter by cross-hatching.
The ZONAL LINES (Z.L.) are hereinafter defined as the four lines,
not necessarily straight, which do not cross each other, all cutting both edges
and the longitudinal line (L.L.).
With regard to the four zonal lines as seen by an observer as described
in previous paragraph, and with regard to their relative positions, let it be established
that two of them are situated on the LEFT SIDE and the other two on the RIGHT
SIDE; let it further be established that two of them are EXTERIOR (E.Z.L.'s) and
the others are INTERIOR (I.Z.L.'s). The four zonal lines (Z.L.) will be found
indicated in Figure 1, differentiated according to whether they are on the LEFT
side or the RIGHT, EXTERIOR (E.Z.L.) or INTERIOR (I.Z.L.).
It is to be emphasized that the common zone (C.Z.), delimited by
the closed curve of the longitudinal line (L.L.), will always be situated between
the two internal zonal lines (I.Z.L.). This situation may be seen in Figure 1.
Hereinafter the points where the interior zonal lines (I.Z.L.) cut
the longitudinal line (L.L.) will be called the FRONTIER POINTS (F.P.). These two
points are indicated on Figure 1.
In the LOWER ZONE or area of the device (L.Z.), defined by the longitudinal
line (L.L.) and the two interior zonal lines (I.Z.L.) we will position a point
which we will call the LOWER CENTRE (L.C.) and the vectors originating at this
point (L.C.) and terminating at the FRONTIER POINTS (F.P.) will be called LOWER
CENTRE FRONTIER RADII -- (L.F.R.). In the UPPER ZONE or area of the device and
within the limits mentioned above, we will position a point which - we will call
the UPPER CENTRE (U.C.) and the vectors originating at this point (U.C.) and terminating
at the frontier --points (F.P.) will be called UPPER CENTRE FRONTIER RADII (U.F.R.).
In Figure 1 will be found indicated the lower centre (L.C.) with its two frontier
radii (L.F.R.); in Figure 2 will be found indicated the upper centre (U.C.).
With regard to the use of the device as a ruler for measuring angles,
let it be established that the two above mentioned points, U.C. and L.C. are centres
of groups of radii whose endings and measuring ranges so established are arranged
such that each is equal to or greater than 180° sexagesimal degrees.
With regard to the method of representing the graduations of the
above-mentioned radial lines, this consists of a partial representation of the
radii in sexagesimal degrees of the amplitude adopted for each field of angles,
but only within the areas or zones which permit a partial representation as a group
of angles, and such that a partial representation of each radius occurs in at
least one area or zone.
Concerning the definition of the various areas or zones and of the
group or groups of radii which may be partially represented in each of them, we
establish the following:
- in the UPPER area or zone of the device (U.Z.), defined by the LONGITUDINAL
LINE (L.L.) and the two INTERIOR ZONAL LINES (I.Z.L.), only those radii originating
from the LOWER CENTRE (L.C.) and bounded by the two FRONTIER RADII (I.F.R.) may
be partially represented.
- in the LOWER zone or area (L.Z.), with the same limits as above, only those
radii originating from the UPPER CENTRE (U.C.) and bounded by the FRONTIER RADII
may be partially represented.
- in the two LOWER zones or areas (L.Z.) bounded by the LONGITUDINAL LINE (L.L.)
and the two ZONAL LINES on the same side, only those radii originating from the
LOWER CENTRE (L.C.) and whose angle is such that they may appear there may be
partially represented.
- in the two UPPER zones or areas (U.Z.) with the same limits as those above,
only those radii originating from the UPPER CENTRE (U.C.) and whose angle is such
that they may appear there may be partially represented.
- in the remaining two UPPER zones or areas (U.Z.) those radii originating from
the LOWER CENTRE (L.C.) and whose angle is such that they may appear there may
be partially represented.
- in the remaining two LOWER zones or areas (L.Z.) all the radii originating
from the UPPER CENTRE (U.C.) and whose angle is such that they may appear there
may be partially represented.
We have defined with the above, five zones or areas which permit
the partial representation of radii of the group originating from the lower centre
(L.C.), another five zones or areas which only permit the partial representation
of radii of the group originating from the upper centre (U.C.) and the COMMON
zone or area (C.Z.) which permits the partial representation of radii of both groups.
In Figure 1, the five hatched zones or areas are those permitting the partial
representation of radii of the group originating from the upper centre (U.C.),
the cross-hatched area is the common zone, permitting the partial representation
of radii of both groups and the five zones or areas without hatching are those
which permit the partial representation of radii of the group originating from
the lower centre (L.C.), some of which are partially represented in Figure 1.
In Figure 2, on the other hand, some of the radii of the group originating from
the upper centre (U.C.) have been partially represented in the areas or zones
where this is possible, i.e., in the common zone (C.Z.) and in the unhatched areas
or zones.
With regard to the evaluation of the angle of each radius and, therefore,
the definition of the radius of origin and the direction of positive increments,
the following is established as a possible realization:
- the radius of origin is taken to be that originating from the LOWER CENTRE
(L.C.) lying to the right of the latter and parallel with the edges: its evaluation
is 0° (or 360° if it is taken to be the last radius of the circle).
- the direction of positive increment is anticlockwise, therefore the 90° radius
will be that originating from the LOWER CENTRE (L.C.) and perpendicular to the
UPPER EDGE (U.E.).
From the above we conclude that the group of angles originating from
the LOWER CENTRE (L.C.) contains all the radii between 0° and 180°, it being possible
that it could also contain the values immediately below 360° and immediately above
180°. In Figure 1, with numbers incidentally situated between the lower centre
(L.C.) and the partial representation of each radius, will be found indicated
the values 0°, 30°, 60°, 70°, 90°, 110°, 130°,150° and 180°; the meaning of the
other numbers which appear together with these values will be explained below.
With regard to the bunch of radii originating from the UPPER CENTRE
(U.C.), the 180° valued radius is that lying to the left and parallel with the
edges, the 270° valued radius is the one perpendicular to the LOWER EDGE (L.E.)
and the 360° valued radius is that lying to the right and parallel with the EDGES
(which may also be valued as 0°). Therefore, this field of angles contains all
the radii between 180° and 360°, and may further contain those immediately below
180° and those immediately above 0°.
In Figure 2, where the numbers in this example incidentally appear
further from the Upper Centre (U.C.) than the partial representation of each radius,
these partial representations of the radii are indicated for the values 180°,
210°, 240°, 270°, 300°, 330° and 360°.
Taking as significant radii those whose values correspond to multiples
of 10, the numbers which specify them will be written such that the corresponding
radius lies centred on the numbers and perpendicular to their horizontal axis,
the lower part of the numbers being closest to their corresponding centre (U.C.
or L.C.). These numbers will be called BASIC numbers and examples of them are
those specified in the two preceding paragraphs.
Close to such BASIC numbers and referring to the same radii there
are to be written other numbers, which we will call INCLINED numbers which are
the result of the addition or substraction of 90 from the basic numbers and written
perpendicularly to the latter by being rotated 90° to the right (clockwise) or
to the left (anticlockwise) in accordance with the following:
- for BASIC values between 0° and 90°, as well as between 180° and 270°, add
90 and rotate to the left.
- for BASIC values between 90° and 180° as well as between 270° and 360°, substract
90 and rotate to the right.
In Figures 1, 2 and 3, together with the above-mentioned BASIC numbers,
there appear the corresponding INCLINED numbers with their appropriate value and
90° rotation. The relative position of each pair of numbers may vary; all the
BASIC numbers may appear between the INCLINED numbers and the corresponding centre
of each field of angles, as in Figure 1; or it may be the INCLINED numbers which
appear between the BASIC numbers and the corresponding centre of each field of
angles, as in Figures 2 and 3.
To facilitate the reading of the numerals and the identification
of the radii, the significant radii and intermediate radii are to be emphasized
by differences of length and/or thickness of line; similarly the partial representations
of the radii are to be cut by curves or straight lines, thus forming ,what will
be called the CALIBRATION OF THE RULE.
Similarly, in order to facilitate use, the possibility is established
that the symbols and/or zones or areas corresponding to each field of angles be
coloured. For example, those parts corresponding to the LOWER CENTRE field of
angles could be coloured green-blue and those corresponding to the UPPER CENTRE
in pink-red, or both in yellow.
The foregoing completely defines the device, which is partially represented
in Figure 1, with reference to which the following points are to be emphasized:
- indicated with thick continuous lines are the L.L. which includes the closed
curve containing the common zone (C.Z.) and the perimeter of the rule which includes
the two edges (L.E. and U.E.).
- indicated in continuous fine lines are the four zonal lines (Z.L.) prolonged
beyond the ruler in broken lines, the two left-hand zonal lines and the two right-hand
zonal lines being specifically indicated by braces, and the two interior zonal
lines (I.Z.L.) being also additionally indicated by one brace.
- indicated with thin broken lines are the two lower centre frontier radii (L.F.R.)
lying between the above-mentioned lower centre (L.C.) and the frontier points
(F.P.) as described beforehand.
- indicated with hatching are the zones or areas within which is only possible
the partial representation of the field of angles of radii corresponding to the
upper centre (U.C.), not represented in Figure 1.
- indicated by cross-hatching is the COMMON zone or area (C.Z.) where radii of
both field of angles may be partially represented, although in Figure 1 only certain
significant radii originating in the Lower centre (L.C.) have been partially represented.
- the arrow symbol (A.) is shown; in this example it has been situated within
the COMMON zone or area (C.Z.).
- the partial representations of certain significant radii of the field of angles
originating from the lower centre (L.C.) are also indicated; with BASIC numbers
situated between the field of angles centre (L.C.) and the INCLINED numbers. These
partial representations of the radii cut curves or straight lines, as indicated
in Figure 1 in fine lines in order to facilitate reading and identification and
forming the calibration of the rule.
Figure 2 is a partial sketch of fields of angles originating from
the upper centre (U.C.); the following points are to be emphasized:
- neither the longitudinal line nor the zonal lines have been represented, but
the zones or areas which only permit the representation of the field of angles
originating from the Lower centre (L.C.) have been hatched, and the common zone
or area (C.Z.) has been cross-hatched.
- the INCLINED numbers have been placed between the centre of the field of angles
(U.C.) and the BASIC numbers.
- the perimeter of the rule indicates the orientation, thus performing the function
of the ARROW symbol; the addition of an inscribed ARROW (A) symbol is therefore
unnecessary.
Figure 3 represents a version of the ruler conforming to the characteristics
of the present device, conforming as it does to the necessary and sufficient conditions
for this, since:
- tracing the broken lines and thick lines as indicated which give instances
of the longitudinal line (L.L.) and the zonal lines (Z.L.), the ten areas or zones
permitting the partial representation of the radii of one or the other fields
of angles are shown, as well as the common zone or area (C.Z.) which permits the
partial representation of radii of both fields of angles.
- the partial representations of the radii of each field of angles occurs only
in the zones or areas permitting such representation, as specified in the claims
for the present device.
Figure 3 indeed represents a version of the ruler falling within
the characteristics of the present device, in spite of the following peculiarities:
- no radii are represented within the COMMON zone or area, this being due to
the fact that the closed curve of the longitudinal line (L.L.) may permissibly
be reduced to a point.
- numerous extra scales are shown around the perimeter and along the axis parallel
to the edges, as well as various straight segments parallel to the EDGES, but
none of the foregoing prevents the version of the ruler represented here conforming
to the above-mentioned necessary and sufficient conditions such that it remains
within the characteristics of the present device.
It is to be emphasized that in the commercial versions of the ruler,
neither the lines defining the zones or areas, nor the longitudinal line (L.L.)
nor the frontier radii (L.F.L., R.F.L.) will normally be represented.
Given the information in the present description, illustrated with
three Figures, the device is seen to be a ruler which facilitates the measurement
of angles in a plane defined by the rectangular Cartesian co-ordinate axis in
which the ordinate axis "y" is taken as the origin of angles from 0° to 360° sexagesimal
degrees clockwise.
Placing the device or ruler in whatever position on the above-mentioned
plane, its Arrow and its Edges being considered in the same direction, will form
with the positive ordinate half-axis, an angle which will be called R. In this
position and taking the fields of angles of radii corresponding to the appropriate
centre, the radius parallel to the ordinate axis will have precisely the value
R mentioned above, and reading will be simplified by the fact that the BASIC numbers
indicating this value will be perpendicular, or nearly so, to the above radius
(with deviation of less than 10°) and have their base nearest to its centre. Furthermore,
and considering the radius perpendicular to the ordinate axis there will correspond
a value 90° away from R. Taking also the numbers of the INCLINED numeration, to
this radius there will also correspond the number R, and the reading of this will
have the same advantage of simplicity as for the BASIC numbers.
|
Anspruch[de] |
- Ein Lineal zur Messung des Winkels (R) zwischen einer gerichteten Achse und
einem Vektor, das aus einem Stück flachen, im wesentlichen durchsichtigen Materials
besteht, dessen äußere Begrenzungen von einer oberen Längskante (U.E.), einer
gegenüberliegenden und parallel zu der oberen Längskante (U.E.) verlaufenden unteren
Längskante (L.E.) sowie zwei weiteren Seitenkanten (R.L.E., L.L.E.) gebildet werden
und dessen Oberfläche eine Linie in Längsrichtung (L.L.) aufweist, die grundsätzlich
parallel und in gleichem Abstand zu den beiden Längskanten (L.E., U.E.) verläuft
sowie zwei zentrale Punkte, nämlich ein oberes Zentrum (U.C.) in Höhe des Mittelpunktes
der oberen Längskante (U.E.) und ein unteres Zentrum (L.C.) in Höhe des Mittelpunktes
der unteren Längskante (L.E.), die die Zentren von Gruppen von Radien darstellen,
die ihrerseits den zu messenden Winkeln entsprechen, wobei das Lineal Zonen umfaßt,
von denen zumindest eine den zu messenden Winkeln entsprechende Radien teilweise
in Form von linienförmigen Segmenten aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß eine obere Zone (U.Z.) durch die obere Längskante (U.E.), die Linie in Längsrichtung
(L.L.) und zwei innere Zonenlinien (I.Z.L.) definiert wird, in der nur Segmente
solcher Radien dargestellt werden, die vom unteren Zentrum (L.C.) ausgehen und
die durch zwei untere Grenzradien (L.F.R.) begrenzt werden;
daß eine untere Zone (L.Z.) durch die untere Längskante (L.E.), die Linie in Längsrichtung
(L.L.) und zwei innere Zonenlinien (I.Z.L.) definiert wird, in der nur Segmente
solcher Radien dargestellt werden, die vom oberen Zentrum (U.C.) ausgehen und
die durch zwei obere Grenzradien (U.F.R.) begrenzt werden;
daß zwei weitere untere Zonen (F.L.Z.) durch die untere Längskante (L.E.), die
Linie in Längsrichtung (L.L.), eine innere Zonenlinie (I.Z.L.) und eine äußere
Zonenlinie (E.Z.L.), die sich beide auf derselben Seite des Lineals befinden,
definiert werden, in denen nur Segmente solcher Radien dargestellt werden, die
vom unteren Zentrum (L.C.) ausgehen und die dort im Winkel angeordnet sind;
daß zwei weitere obere Zonen (F.U.Z) durch die obere Längskante (U.E.), die Linie
in Längsrichtung (L.L.), eine innere Zonenlinie (I.Z.L.) und eine äußere Zonenlinie
(E.Z.L.), die sich beide auf derselben Seite des Lineals befinden, definiert werden,
in denen nur Segmente solcher Radien dargestellt werden, die vom oberen Zentrum
(U.C.) ausgehen und die dort im Winkel angeordnet sind;
daß zwei übrigbleibende äußere obere Zonen (R.U.Z.) durch die obere Längskante
(U.E.), die Linie in Längsrichtung (L.L.), eine äußere Zonenlinie (E.Z.L) und die
Seitenkante (R.L.E. oder L.L.E.), die sich auf derselben Seite des Lineals befindet,
definiert werden, in denen nur Segmente solcher Radien dargestellt werden, die
vom unteren Zentrum (L.C.) ausgehen und die dort im Winkel angeordnet sind, wobei
die Radien, die den unteren Grenzradien (L.F.R.) entsprechen, mit eingeschlossen
sind;
und daß zwei übrigbleibende äußere untere Zonen (R.L.Z.) durch die untere Längskante
(L.E.), die Linie in Längsrichtung (L.L.), eine äußere Zonenlinie (E.Z.L.) und
die Seitenkante (R.L.E. oder L.L.E.), die sich auf derselben Seite des Lineals
befindet, definiert werden, in denen nur Segmente solcher Radien dargestellt werden,
die vom oberen Zentrum (U.C.) ausgehen und die dort im Winkel angeordnet sind,
wobei die Radien, die den beiden oberen Grenzradien (U.F.R.) entsprechen, mit
eingeschlossen sind.
- Ein Lineal gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es durch einen Pfeil-Hinweis
(ARROW) die richtige Ausrichtung des Lineals angibt.
- Ein Lineal gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Pfeil-Hinweis
(ARROW) aus einem Pfeil-Symbol besteht, das nach rechts zeigt.
- Ein Lineal gemäß Anspruch 3, jedoch ohne daß die Linien L.L., E.Z.L., I.Z.L,
L.F.R. and U.F.R. auf dem Lineal markiert sind.
|
Anspruch[en] |
- A ruler for measuring the angle (R) between an oriented axis and a vector,
consisting of a piece of flat, basically transparent material, whose perimeter
is formed by on upper longitudinal edge (U.E.), one lower longitudinal edge (L.E.)
opposite and parallel with the upper longitudinal edge (U.E.) and two further lateral
edges (R.L.E., L.L.E.), and whose surface bears a longitudinal line (L.L.) basically
parallel with and equidistant from the two longitudinal edges (L.E., U.E.) and
two centre points, upper entre (U.C.) near the middle point of the upper longitudinal
edge (U.E.) and lower centre (L.C.) near the middle point of the lower longitudinal
edge (L.E.), being the centre points of groups of radii corresponding to the angles
to be measured, the ruler comprising zones within at least one of which such radii
corresponding to angles to be measured are partially represented as line segements,
characterized by the following features:
an upper zone (U.Z.), defined by the upper longitudinal edge (U.E.), the longitudinal
line (L.L.) and two interior zonal lines (I.Z.L.), in which zones only segments
of those radii originating from the lower centre (L.C.) and bounded by two lower
frontier radii (L.F.R.) are represented; a lower zone (L.Z.), defined by the lower
longitudinal edge (L.E.), the longitudinal line (L.L.) and the two interior zonal
lines (I.Z.L.) in which zone only segments of those radii originating from the
upper centre (U.C.) and bounded by the two upper forntier radii (U.F.R.) are represented;
two further lower zones (F.L.Z.) defined by the lower longitudinal edge (L.E.),
the longitudinal line (L.L.), one interior zonal line (I.Z.L.) and an exterior
zonal line (E.Z.L.) being both on the same side of the ruler, in which zones only
segments of those radii originating from the lower centre (L.C.) and being angularly
situated therein are represented; two further upper zones (F.U.Z.) defined by
the upper longitudinal edge (U.E.), the longitudinal line (L.L.), one interior
zonal line (I.Z.L.) and the exterior zonal line (E.Z.L.) being both on the same
side of the ruler, in which zones only segments of those radii originating from
the upper centre (U.C.) and being angularly situated therin are represented; two
remaining outer upper zones (R.U.Z.) defined by the upper longitudinal edge (U.E.),
the longitudinal line (L.L.), one exterior zonal line (E.Z.L.) and the lateral
edge (R.L.E. or L.L.E.) being on the same side of the ruler, in which zones only
segments of those radii originating from the lower centre (L.C.) and being angularly
situated therein are represented, including the radii corresponding to the two
lower frontier radii (L.F.R.); and two remaining outer lower zones (R.L.Z.) defined
by the lower longitudinal edge (L.E.), the longitudinal line (L.L.), one exterior
zonal line (E.Z.L.) and the lateral edge (R.L.E. or L.L.E.) being on the same
side of the ruler, in which zones only segments of those radii originating from
the upper centre (U.C.) and being angularly situated therein are represented,
including the radii corresponding to the two upper frontier radii (U.F.R.).
- A ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that there is an arrow indication
(ARROW) for indicating the correct orientation of the ruler.
- A ruler according to claim 2, characterized in that the arrow indication (ARROW)
is an arrow symbol pointing to the right hand side.
- A ruler according to claim 3, but without the lines L.L., E.Z.L., I.Z.L., L.F.R.
and U.F.R. being marked on the ruler.
|
Anspruch[fr] |
- Un règle pour mesurer l'angle (R) entre un axe orienté et un vecteur, qui est
fait d'une piece d'un materiel plat et principalement transparent et dont le perimètre
est formé par une arête longitudinale supérieure (U.E.), une arête longitudinale
inférieure (L.E.) opposée et parallèle à l'arête longitudinale supérieure (U.E.)
et deux autres arêtes latérales (R.L.E., L.L.E.), et dont la surface montre une
ligne longitudinale (L.L.) étant parallèle et équidistante aux deux arêtes longitudinales
(L.E., U.E.) ainsi que deux points centraux, dont le centre supérieur (U.C.) est
près du milieu de l'arête longitudinale supérieure (U.E.) et le centre inférieur
est près du milieu de l'arête longitudinale inférieure (L.E.), les deux points
centraux étant les centres des groupes de rayons correspondant aux angles à mesurer,
le règle comprenant des zones dont au moins une montre les rayons comme segments
correspondant aux angles à mesurer,
caracterisé par le suivant:
une zone supérieure (U.Z.), définie par l'arête longitudinale supérieure (U.E.),
la ligne longitudinale (L.L.) et deux lignes zonales intérieures (I.Z.L.), dans
laquelle sont représentés des segments de ceux rayons seulement qui ont leur origine
dans le centre inférieur (L.C.) et qui sont bornés par deux rayons de délimitation
inférieurs (L.F.R.);
une zone inférieure (L.Z.), définie par l'arête longitudinale inférieure (L.E.),
la ligne longitudinale (L.L.) et deux lignes zonales intérieures (I.Z.L.), dans
laquelle sont représentés des segments de ceux rayons seulement qui ont leur origine
dans le centre supérieur (U.C.) et qui sont bornés par deux rayons de délimitation
supérieurs (U.F.R.);
deux autres zones inférieures (F.L.Z.) définies par l'arête longitudinale inférieure
(L.E.), la ligne longitudinale (L.L.), une ligne zonale intérieure (I.Z.L.) et
un ligne zonale extérieure (E.Z.L.), tous les deux étant sur la même côté du règle,
dans lesquelles sont représentés des segments de ceux rayons seulement qui ont
leur origine dans le centre inférieur (L.C.) et qui sont placés là-dedans d'une
façon angulaire;
deux autres zones supérieures (F.U.Z.) définies par l'arête longitudinale supérieure
(U.E.), la ligne longitudinale (L.L.), une ligne zonale intérieure (I.Z.L.) et
une ligne zonale extérieure (E.Z.L.), tous les deux étant sur la même côté du
règle, dans lesquelles sont représentés des segments de ceux rayons seulement qui
ont leur origine dans le centre supérieur (U.C.) et qui sont placés là-dedans
d'une façon angulaire;
deux zones extérieures supérieures qui restent (R.U.Z.), définies par L'arrête
longitudinale supérieure (U.E.), la ligne longitudinale (L.L.), une ligne zonale
extérieure (E.Z.L.) et l'arête latérale (R.L.E. ou L.L.E.) étant sur la même côté
du règle, dans lesquelles sont représentés des segments de ceux rayons seulement
qui ont leur origine dans le centre inférieur (L.C.) et qui sont placés là-dedans
d'une façon angulaire, comprenant les rayons qui correspondent aux deux rayons
de délimitation inférieures (L.F.R.);
et deux zones extérieures inférieures qui restent (R.L.Z.), définies par l'arrête
longitudinale inférieure (L.E.), la ligne longitudinale (L.L.), une ligne zonale
extérieure (E.Z.L.) et l'arête latérale (R.L.E. ou L.L.E.) étant sur la même côté
du règle, dans lesquelles sont représentés des segments de ceux rayons seulement
qui ont leur origine dans le centre supérieur (U.C.) et qui sont placés là-dedans
d'une façon angulaire, comprenant les rayons qui correspondent aux deux rayons
de délimitation supérieures (U.F.R.).
- Un règle selon la revendication 1, caracterisé par l'indication d'une flèche
(ARROW) pour indiquer l'orientation correcte du règle.
- Un règle selon la revendication 2, caracterisé par le fait que l'indication
de la flèche consiste en un symbole de flèche montrant à droite.
- Un règle selon la revendication 3, mais sans que les lignes L.L., E.Z.L., I.Z.L.,
L.F.R. et U.F.R. soient marquées sur le règle.
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Patent Zeichnungen (PDF)
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